79 lines
2.2 KiB
Python
Executable File
79 lines
2.2 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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import locale
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import os
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import subprocess
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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print("*" * 100)
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print(locale.getpreferredencoding())
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# locale.getencoding() # from Python3.11
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print("*" * 100)
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result = subprocess.run(
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['env'],
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capture_output=True,
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)
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result.check_returncode()
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print('return code:', result.returncode)
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print(result.stdout)
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print("*" * 100)
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result = subprocess.run(
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['env'],
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capture_output=True,
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text=True,
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encoding='utf-8',
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)
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result.check_returncode()
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print('return code:', result.returncode)
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print(f"{result.stdout[:100]}******")
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print("*" * 100)
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subprocess.run(
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['env'],
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env={"NAME": "hatter"},
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)
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print("*" * 100)
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"""
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当设置 shell=True 时，你可以使用只有系统 Shell 才支持的“高级语法”：
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- 管道和重定向：比如 "cat file.txt | grep 'error' > result.txt"
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- 环境变量解析：比如 "echo $USER" (Linux) 或 "echo %USERNAME%" (Windows)
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- Shell 内置命令：有些命令（如 Windows 的 dir, copy 或 Linux 的 export）并不是独立的可执行文件，
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而是 Shell 的内置命令。如果不设 shell=True，Python 会报错找不到文件。
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- 通配符展开：比如 "rm *.txt"
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"""
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subprocess.run(
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'echo ">>>>>>>>>>>>" && env && echo "<<<Hello World!>>>"',
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env={"NAME": "hatter"},
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shell=True,
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)
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print("*" * 100)
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my_env = os.environ.copy()
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my_env["NAME"] = "hatter"
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subprocess.run(
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['sleep', '5'],
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env=my_env,
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check=True, # 非 0 返回时抛出异常，相当于 result.check_returncode()
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)
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print("*" * 100)
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subprocess.Popen(
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['sleep', '50'],
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stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
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stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
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preexec_fn=os.setpgrp # 让子进程独立，即使当前脚本挂了它也继续运行 for Linux/Unix/MacOS
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)
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# for Windows
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# flags = 0x00000008 | 0x00000200
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# process = subprocess.Popen(
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# ["cmd", "/c", "your_script.bat"],
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# stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
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# stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
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# creationflags=flags
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# )
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print("*" * 100)
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